שאלה משלב א׳ בכירורגיה אורולוגית · מועד 2022, שאלה 76

Correct: C — malignancy is diagnosed in about 3.5% of patients with microhaematuria. That figure, derived from large series, is the basis of the risk-stratified approach: the yield is far lower in young non-smoking women and considerably higher in older men with a smoking history, which is why guidelines now grade the intensity of investigation to risk rather than imaging and cystoscoping everyone. Microscopic haematuria is defined as three or more red cells per high-power field (option A), its prevalence in the general population is of the order of 2–5% rather than 26% (option B), and the dipstick is a screening test only: it detects haem, including free haemoglobin and myoglobin, so a positive stick must be confirmed by microscopy before the diagnosis is made (option D).

מקור: ch.16, p.250 משמאל